ABSTRACT:
In the future solar energy will be very important
energy source. More than 45% of necessary energy in the world will be generated
by photovoltaic module. Therefore it is necessary to concentrate our forces in
order to reduce the application costs and to increment their performances. In
order to reach this last aspect, it is important to note that the output
characteristic of a photovoltaic module is nonlinear and changes with solar
radiation and temperature. Therefore a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique
is needed to track the peak power in order to make full utilization of PV array
output power under varying conditions. This paper presents two widely-adopted
MPPT algorithms, perturbation & observation (P&O) and incremental
conductance (IC). These algorithms are widely used in PV systems as a result of
their easy implementation as well as their low cost. These techniques were analyzed
and their performance was evaluated by using the Matlab tool Simulink.
KEYWORDS:
1.
Photovoltaic system
2.
MPPT
3.
Perturbation and Observation
4.
Incremental conductance
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig.
1. Block diagram of the stand-alone PV system.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig.
2. Model of the photovoltaic module
Fig.
3. Schematic diagram of a DC Buck-Boost converter.
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:
Fig.
4. Output current of PV module
Fig.
5. Output voltage of PV module
Fig.
6 Output power of PV module
Fig.
7. Output current of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
8. Output voltage of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
9. Output power of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig
10 : PV-Output power with and without MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
11. Output current of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
12. Output voltage of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
13. Output power of MPPT+DC-DC converter
Fig.
14. PV-Output power with and without MPPT+DC-DC converter
CONCLUSION:
In
this work, we presented a modeling and simulation of a stand-alone PV system.
One-diode model for simulation of PV module was selected; Buck-Boost converter
is studied and applied to test the system efficiency. Two Maximum Power Point
Tracking techniques, P&O and IC, are presented and analyzed. The proposed
system was simulated using the mathematical equations of each component in Matlab/Simulink.
The simulation analysis shows that P&O method is simple, but has
considerable power loss because PV module can only run in oscillation way
around the maximum power point. IC method has more precise control and faster response,
but has correspondingly higher hardware requirement. In practice, in order to
achieve maximum efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, a reasonable and economical
control method should be chosen. The following of this work is based on
optimizing the performance of PV modules and stand-alone systems using more
efficient algorithms to minimize the influence of the meteorological parameters
on the PV energy production.
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