Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC)

 ABSTRACT:  

In this study, a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is used to investigate the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive powers as well as damping power system oscillations in transient mode. The SSSC equipped with a source of energy in the DC link can supply or absorb the reactive and active power to or from the line. Simulations have been done in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Simulation results obtained for selected bus-2 in two machine power system shows the efficacy of this compensator as one of the FACTS devices member in controlling power flows, achieving the desired value for active and reactive powers, and damping oscillations appropriately.

KEYWORDS:

1.      Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC)

2.      FACTS

3.      Two machine power system

4.      Active and reactive powers

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM:

Figure 1. Two machines system with SSSC

 EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:

Figure 2. Active power of bus-2 without the installation of SSSC

.

Figure 3. Reactive power of bus-2 without the installation of SSSC

Figure 4. Current of bus-2 without the installation of SSSC

Figure 5. Voltage of bus-2 without the installation of SSSC

Figure 6. Active power of bus-2 in the presence of SSSC

Figure 7. Reactive power of bus-2 in the presence of SSSC

Fig.8.Current of Bus-2 In The Presence Of SSSC

CONCLUSION:

It has been found that the SSSC is capable of controlling the flow of power at a desired point on the transmission line. It is also observed that the SSSC injects a fast changing voltage in series with the line irrespective of the magnitude and phase of the line current.  Based on obtained simulation results the performance of the SSSC has been examined in a simple two-machine system simply on the selected bus-2, and applications of the SSSC will be extended in future to a complex and multimachine system to investigate the problems related to the various modes of power oscillation in the power systems.

REFERENCES:

[1] Gyugyi, L. (1989). “Solid-state control of AC power transmission.” International Symposium on Electric Energy Conversion in Power System, Capri, Italy, (paper No. T-IP.4).

[2] Sen, K.K. (1998). “SSSC-static synchronous series compensator: theory, modeling and publications.” IEEE Trans. Power Delivery. Vol. 13, No.1, January, PP. 241-246.

[3] L. Gyugyi, 1994, “Dynamic Compensation of AC Transmission Line by Solid State Synchronous Voltage Sources,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 9(22), pp. 904-911.

[4] Muhammad Harunur Rashid, “Power Electronics – Circuits, Devices, and Applications, “PRENTICE HALL, Englewood Cliffs, New  Jersey.07632, 1988.

[5] Amany E L – Zonkoly, “Optimal sizing of SSSC Controllers to minimize transmission loss and a novel model of SSSC to study transient response, “Electric power Systems research 78 (2008) 1856 – 1864.

Powеr Quality Improvement In Powеr Systеm By Using SVPWM Based Static Synchronous Sеriеs Compеnsator

ABSTRACT:  

Power quality improvement is an important issue in power system. Flexible AC Transmission (FACTS) devices are commonly used for solving problems related to power quality and improving it. In this paper a synchronous static series compensator (SSSC) is used for control and modulation of power flow in a transmission line. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and SVPWM control techniques are employed in SSSC. The active performance of SSSC is evaluated using Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation results validate that the power quality is enhanced properly using SSSC.

KEYWORDS:

1.      Power Quality

2.      FACTS

3.      PWM

4.      SVPWM

5.      SSSC

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

 BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Figure 1. Functional model of SSSC.

 EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:

Figure 2. (a) Source voltage (b) Source current without SSSC.

Figure 3. (a) Load voltage (b) Load current without SSSC.

Figure 4. (a) Source voltage (b) Source current with SSSC.

Figure 5. (a) Load voltage (b) Load current with SSSC.

Figure 6. (a) Source voltage (b) Source current with SVPWM SSSC.

Figure 7. (a) Load voltage (b) Load current with SVPWM SSSC.

Figure 8. FFT analysis of (a) Source voltage (b) Source current-without SSSC.

Figure 9. FFT analysis of (a) Load voltage (b) Load current –without SSSC.

Figure 10. FFT analysis of (a) Source voltage (b) Source current with SSSC.

Figure 11. FFT analysis of (a) Load voltage (b) Load current with SSSC.

Figure 12. FFT analysis of (a) source voltage and (b) source current using SVPWM SSSC.

Figure 13. FFT analysis of (a) Load voltage and (b) Load current using SVPWM SSSC.

CONCLUSION:

In this paper the problem of modulation and control of power flow in transmission line is carried out by using SSSC with PWM and SVPWM techniques. The performance of SSSC is validated using Matlab/Simulink software. Thus, simulation results and THD analysis shows that by using SVPWM based SSSC power quality gets improved more as compared to the SPWM based SSSC. Hence SVPWM technique proves better as compared to that of the SPWM technique for power quality improvement.

REFERENCES:

[1] N.G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, “Undеrstanding FATCS concеpts andtеchnology of flеxiblе ac transmission systеm”,Nеw York, NY: IЕЕЕ prеss, 2000.

[2] “Static Synchronous Compensator,” CIGRE, Working group 14.19, 1998.

[3] Laszlo Gyugyi, Colin D. Schaudеr, and Kalyan K. Sеn, “static synchronous sеriеs compеnsator: a solid-statе approach to thе sеriеs compеnsation of transmission linеs”, IЕЕЕ Transactions on powеr dеlivеry, Vol. 12, No. 1, January 1997.

[4] Vaishali M. Morе, V.K. Chandrakar, “Powеr systеm pеrformancеs improvеmеnt by using static synchronous sеriеs compеnsator”, intеrnational confеrеncе on Advancеs in Еlеctrical, Еlеctronics,Informantion, Communication and Bio-Informatics 978-1-4673-9745-2©2016 IЕЕЕ.

[5] M. Farhani, “Damping of subsynchronous oscillations in powеr systеm by using static synchronous sеriеs compеnsator”,IЕT Gеnr. Distrib.vol.6.Iss.6.pp.539-544,2012.

Distributed Cooperative Control and Stability Analysis of Multiple DC Electric Springs in a DC Microgrid

ABSTRACT:  

Recently, dc electric springs (dc-ESs) have been proposed to realize voltage regulation and power quality improvement in dc microgrids. This paper establishes a distributed cooperative control framework for multiple dc- ESs in a dc microgrid and presents the small-signal stability  analysis of the system. The primary level implements a droop control to coordinate the operations of multiple dc-ESs. The secondary control is based on a consensus algorithm to regulate the dc-bus voltage reference, incorporating  the state-of-charge (SOC) balance among dc-ESs. With the design, the cooperative control can achieve average dc-bus voltage consensus and maintain SOC balance among different dc-ESs using only neighbor-to-neighbor  information. Furthermore, a small-signal model of a four dc-ESs system with the primary and secondary controllers is developed. The eigenvalue analysis is presented to show   the effect of the communication weight on system stability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme and the small-signal model is verified in an islanded dc microgrid under different scenarios through simulation and  experimental studies.

KEYWORDS:

1.      Consensus

2.      Dc microgrid

3.      Distributed control

4.      Electric springs (ES)

5.      Small-signal stability

SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM:

Fig.1.distributed network with multiple dc -ESs

 EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:

Fig. 2.SEZ. Controller comparison. (a) Node bus voltage, (b) dc-ESs output

power, (c) SOC, and (d) state variables xi .

Fig. 3. Proposed controller with different aij . (a) and (d) Average  bus voltages with aij = 0.5 and aij = 10. (b) and (e) State variables with aij = 0.5 and aij = 10. (c) and (f) Bus voltages with aij = 0.5  and aij = 10.

Fig. 4. dc-ES4 failure at 5 s. (a) Node bus voltage, (b) output power,  and (c) SOC.

Fig. 5. Proposed controller with communication delay τ . (a) Node bus  average voltage, (b) SOC, and (c) state variables xi .

Fig. 6. Proposed controller with five dc-ESs. (a) Node bus voltage, (b) output power, and (c) SOC.

CONCLUSION:

A hierarchical two-level voltage control scheme was proposed for dc-ESs in a microgrid using the consensus algorithm to estimate the average dc-bus voltage and promote SOC balance among different dc-ESs. The small-signal model of four dc-ESs system incorporating the controllers was developed for eigenvalues analysis to investigate the stability of the system. The consensus of the observed average voltages and the defined state variables has been proven. Results show that the control can improve the voltage control accuracy of dc-ESs and realize power sharing in proportion to the SOC. The resilience of the system against the link failure has been improved and the system can still maintain operations as long as the remaining communication graph has a spanning tree. Simulation and experimental results also verify that the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model and controller strategy.

REFERENCES:

[1] X. Lu, K. Sun, J. M. Guerrero, J. C. Vasquez, and L. Huang, “State-ofcharge balance using adaptive droop control for distributed energy storage systems inDCmicrogrid applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 2804–2815, Jun. 2014.

[2] Q. Shafiee, T. Dragicevic, J. C. Vasquez, and J. M. Guerrero, “Hierarchical control for multiple DC-microgrids clusters,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 922–933, Dec. 2014.

[3] W. Yao, M. Chen, J. Matas, J. M. Guerrero, and Z. M. Qian, “Design and analysis of the droop control method for parallel inverters considering the impact of the complex impedance on the power sharing,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 576–588, Feb. 2011.

[4] V. Nasirian, S. Moayedi, A. Davoudi and F. Lewis, “Distributed cooperative control of DC microgrids,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 6725–6741, Dec. 2014.

[5] J. M. Guerrero, J. C. Vasquez, J. Matas, L. G. de Vicu˜na, and M. Castilla, “Hierarchical control of droop-controlledAC andDCmicrogrids—A general  approach toward standardization,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 158–172, Jan. 2011.