Abstract
A three-input hybrid system for solar car is designed in this
project. It consists of one unidirectional input power port and two
bidirectional power ports with a storage element. Depending on utilization state
of the battery, three different power operation modes are defined for the
converter. Battery charging in the system is carried out from the amorphous
solar panel mounted on the body and a solar energy harvesting charging station.
Since the solar energy is directly given to the DC load, the efficiency of the
system will improve. The capacitor which is connected to the lead acid battery
will charge at off peak hours and discharge during the acceleration time of the
car. In this proposed system energy wasted in the brakes are also recovered and
used to charge the lead acid battery. Hence competent Hybrid Electric Vehicle
was developed by using super capacitor and regenerative braking scheme.
Keywords
1. PhotovoItaic array
2. Super capacitor
3.
Regenerative braking
4.
DC-DC Converter
Software: MATLAB/SIMULINK
Block Diagram:
Figure 1: When the vehicle is moving on a plane
Figure 2: When the vehicle is ascending through the slope
Figure 3: When the vehicle is descending through the slope
Expected Simulation
Results:
Figure 4: Output voltage of solar cell
Figure 5: Output voltage of Boost converter
Figure 6: Voltage across super capacitor
Figure
7: armature current
Figure 8: Speed of Armature
Figure 9: input current to the motor
Figure 10: Discharging current from the super capacitor
Figure 11: speed of Armature
Figure 12: generated current
Conclusion
At current levels of technology, installing a super capacitor
with regenerative braking scheme provides a feasible method to improve the
performances of the vehicles. The simulation results of the proposed systems
show that the performance of the vehicle was improved in the following aspects.
(1) Provide better working conditions for the battery and
increase its operating life.
(2) Source of energy extended up to the, regenerative braking scheme along with solar source, will increase the system
reliability.
(3) Since the super capacitors have the ability to provide a
large current in short time acceleration, performance of the vehicle will
improve. Future scope of this work is to realize hardware model of the system.
References
[I] Bin Wu, Fang Zhuo, Fei Long, WeiweiGu, Yang Qing,
YanQinLiu"A management strategy for solar panel battery -super capacitor
hybrid energy system in solar car" 8th International Conference on Power
Electronics - ECCE Asia May 30-June 3, 2011
[2] HyunjaeYoo; Seung-Ki SuI; Yongho Park; JongchanJeong; ,
"System Integration and Power-Flow Management for a Series Hybrid Electric
Vehicle Using Super capacitors and Batteries," Industry Applications, IEEE
Transactions on , vo1.44, no.l, pp.I08-114, Jan.-Feb. 2008
[3] Jinrui N, Zhifu W', Qinglian "Simulation and Analysis
of Performance of a Pure Electric Vehicle with a Super-capacitor"2006
IEEE.
[4] T. Smith, 1. Mars, and G. Turner, "Using super
capacitors to improve battery performance," in Proc. IEEE Conf.PESC02,
Jun., vol. 1, pp. 124-128.
[5] R. Schupbach, 1. C. Balda, "The role of Ultracapcitors
in an Energy Storage Unit for Vehicle Power Management", IEEE Proceedings
of the 58th Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2003-Fall, Vol.3,
6-9 October 2003, Orlando,Florida.
