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Wednesday 8 February 2023
Sunday 4 December 2022
Power Quality Improvement in Grid Connected Distribution Systems using Artificial Intelligence based Controller
ABSTRACT:
KEYWORDS:
1.
Power Quality Compensation
2.
MATLAB
3.
DSTATCOM
4.
Synchronous Reference Frame Theory
5.
Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System
6.
Artificial Neural Network
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig.
1. Fundamental Line diagram of the DSTATCOM system
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:
Fig. 2. Waveforms obtained using ANN control algorithm
CONCLUSION:
In
this paper, we have used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro
Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) control methods to improve the power quality compensation.
SRF theory, ANN as well as ANFIS based techniques have shown the satisfactory
operation of DSTATCOM. The ANFIS control technique has considerably improved
the performance of the DSTATCOM as compared to that of the ANN technique. The
ANFIS based technique utilizes both Fuzzy Logic as well as ANN algorithm and
provides higher accuracy and lower THD in source current in conditions of
varying load. MATLAB simulation along with test results prove the efficacy of
the mentioned algorithms. Thus, ANFIS has proven to be more efficient as well
as effective method in order to control the DSTATCOM for the improvement of
power quality. A considerable change in the THD can be observed as ANFIS
reduces the THD obtained using ANN as mentioned above, and thus reduces the
effect of harmonics. This is how better results are obtained and the power
quality is improved.
REFERENCES:
[1]
Bhim Singh and Jitendra Solanki, ”A Comparison of Control Algorithms for
DSTATCOM,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 56, NO. 7, pp.
2738 – 2745, JULY 2009.
[2]
Alka Singh and Bhim Singh, “Power Quality Issues related to Distributed Energy
Source Integration to Utility Grids,”Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON),
December 2010.
[3]
R. Deepak Singh, T. Praveen Kumar, Dr.K.Sumanth,” Simulation of SRF Based
DSTATCOM With Grid Connected PV Generation System Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
For Reactive Power Management,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol 5, NO.7, pp 6493-6501,July
2016.
[4]
H. Prasad and T. D. Sudhakar, “Power Quality Improvement by Mitigation of
Current Harmonics using D – STATCOM,” Third International Conference on Science
Technology Engineering & Management (ICONSTEM), March 2017.
[5]
Bhim Singh and Sabha Raj Arya, “Back-Propagation Control Algorithm for Power
Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, vol. 61 ,No. 3 , pp. 1204 – 1212, March 2014.
Thursday 27 October 2022
Vehicle-To-Grid Technology in a Micro-grid Using DC Fast Charging Architecture
ABSTRACT:
KEYWORDS:
1. DC fast charging
2. Electric vehicle
4. Micro-grid
5. Off-board charger
6. Vehicle-to-grid
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
Fig. 2. Voltage, current, and SOC of EV1
battery during V2G operation
Fig. 3. Voltage, current, and SOC of EV2
battery during G2V operation
Fig. 4. Active power profile of various
components in the system
Fig. 5. Reference current tracking by
inverter controller
Fig. 6. Grid voltage and grid injected current during V2G-G2V operation
Fig. 7. Harmonic spectrum and THD of grid-injected current
Modeling and design of a V2G system in a micro-grid using dc fast charging architecture is presented in this paper. A dc fast charging station with off-board chargers and a grid connected inverter is designed to interface EVs to the micro- grid. The control system designed for this power electronic interface allows bi-directional power transfer between EVs and the grid. The simulation results show a smooth power transfer between the EVs and the grid, and the quality of grid injected current from the EVs adheres to the relevant standards. The designed controller gives good dynamic performance in terms of dc bus voltage stability and in tracking the changed active power reference. Active power regulation aspects of the micro grid are considered in this work, and the proposed V2G system can be utilized for several other services like reactive, power control and frequency regulation. Design of a supervisory controller which gives command signals to the individual EV charger controllers is suggested for future research.
REFERENCES:
[1]
C. Shumei, L. Xiaofei, T. Dewen, Z. Qianfan, and S. Liwei, “The construction
and simulation of V2G system in micro-grid,” in Proceedings of the
International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS 2011, 2011,
pp. 1–4.
[2]
S. Han, S. Han, and K. Sezaki, “Development of an optimal vehicle-to- grid
aggregator for frequency regulation,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 1, no. 1,
pp. 65–72, 2010.
[3]
M. C. Kisacikoglu, M. Kesler, and L. M. Tolbert, “Single-phase on-board bidirectional
PEV charger for V2G reactive power operation,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 6,
no. 2, pp. 767–775, 2015.
[4]
A. Arancibia and K. Strunz, “Modeling of an electric vehicle charging station
for fast DC charging,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Electric
Vehicle Conference (IEVC), 2012, pp. 1–6.
[5]
K. M. Tan, V. K. Ramachandaramurthy, and J. Y. Yong, “Bidirectional battery
charger for electric vehicle,” in 2014 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies
- Asia, ISGT ASIA 2014, 2014, pp. 406–411.
Single-phase Grid-connected PV System with Golden Section Search-based MPPT Algorithm*
ABSTRACT:
1. Grid-connected system
2. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
3. Photovoltaic (PV) system
4. Single-phase inverter
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig. 1 Control block diagram of the single-phase grid-connected
PV system
Fig. 2 Simulation results under the conditions of S=237 W/m2, T=13.9 ℃
Fig. 3 Simulation results under the conditions of S=930 W/m2, T=37.5 ℃
CONCLUSION:
In
this paper, a GSS-based multi-stage MPPT technique that combines GSS with
P&O and INC was proposed to achieve fast convergence to the MPP with small
oscillation. The proposed multi-stage MPPT technique starts by searching the
vicinity of the MPP by P&O in the first stage. Then, it quickly narrows the
width of the interval with the golden ratio in the second stage, and the
located MPP by is verified by the INC method in the third stage. The advantages
of P&O, GSS, and INC are exploited, while their disadvantages are avoided.
Therefore, this MPPT algorithm provides fast response and high tracking efficiency,
as shown through the simulation and experimental results. The simulation and
experimental results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed
MPPT technique. The proposed MPPT technique mainly targets the MPP of a
unimodal function, i.e., the curve has only one extremum, but it is not suited
to multimodal functions, i.e., the curve has multiple extrema when partial
shading happens. Thus, to apply the proposed MPPT technique to partial shading
conditions, more points must be inserted into the GSS scheme to locate the MPP.
The application of the proposed MPPT technique under the partial shading
condition remains as future work.
REFERENCES:
[1]
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Where Solar is found and used. [2020-09-05].
https:// www.eia.gov/energyexplained/solar/where-solar-is-found.
php.
[2]
L Zhang, F K Jiang, D W Xu, et al. Two-stage transformerless dual-buck PV
grid-connected inverters with high efficiency. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering,
2018, 4(2): 36-42.
[3]
S Xu, L Chang, R Shao. Evolution of single-phase power converter topologies
underlining power decoupling. Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2016,
2(1): 24-39.
[4]
R W Erickson, D Maksimovic. Fundamentals of power electronics. Boston:
Springer, 2001.
[5]
P K Bonthagorla, S Mikkili. Performance investigation of hybrid and conventional
PV array configurations for grid-connected/standalone PV systems. CSEE J. Power
Energy Syst., 2020: 1-16.
Si/SiC Hybrid 5-level Active NPC Inverter for Electric Aircraft Propulsion Drive Applications
ABSTRACT:
1. Five-level ANPC
2. Flying capacitor
3. SOP
4. FCS-MPC
5. Carrier-based
modulation
6. High efficiency
7. MVDC
8. Electric aircraft
propulsion
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig. 1 High frequency commutation loops of a conventional 5L-ANPC between: S7-S8 (dash-dotted line), and S5 S6 (positive and negative half-cycles in dashed lines)
Fig. 3 Simulation results using hybrid FCS-MPC with
λ1=4 and λ2=0.08; From top to bottom: load current, line-line voltage, line-neutral
voltage, DC-link capacitors voltage, FCs voltage, and CMV
CONCLUSION:
A
three-phase Si/SiC hybrid 5L-ANPC inverter for electric aircraft propulsion
drive applications has been presented in this paper. To simultaneously attain higher
efficiency and low implementation cost, only the cell 3 of the inverter has been
configured with SiC devices, while the rest of the switches are designed with
Si IGBTs switching at lower frequencies. Furthermore, to overcome the issue of
large commutation loops with the switches in cell 2 and also pursue further
loss reduction, synchronous optimal PWM has been applied as a low frequency
modulation method. Both thermal and electrical simulation results have been
provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed inverter and the
related PWM strategy. Experimental Results have been presented to demonstrate
the efficacy of the hybrid “SOP+MPC” modulation method. Test results have
verified the performance of the proposed method and the fact that this hybrid
inverter topology provides high efficiency and low output harmonic distortions
at low cost.
REFERENCES:
[1]
X Zhang, C L Bowman, T C O’Connell, et al. Large electric machines for aircraft
electric propulsion. IET Electric Power Applications, 2018, 12(6): 767-779.
[2]
A Adib, K K Afridi, M Amirabadi, et al. E-mobility: Advancements and challenges.
IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 165226-165240.
[3]
J He, D Zhang, D Torrey. Recent advances of power electronics applications in
more electric aircrafts. AIAA/IEEE Electric Aircraft Technologies Symposium (EATS),
July 12-14, 2018, Cincinnati, OH: IEEE 2018: 1-8.
[4]
L G Franquelo, J Rodriguez, J I Leon, et al. The age of multilevel converters
arrives. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 2008, 2(2): 28-39.
[5]
R K Behera, S P Das. Multilevel converter fed induction motor drive for industrial
and traction drive. IEEE Potentials, 2010, 29(5): 28-32.
Seven-Level Inverter with Reduced Switches for PV System Supporting Home-Grid and EV Charger
ABSTRACT:
This
paper proposes a simple single-phase new pulse-width modulated seven-level inverter
architecture for photovoltaic (PV) systems supporting home-grid with electricvehicle (EV) charging port. The proposed inverter includes a reduced number of
power components and passive elements size, while showing less output-voltage
total harmonic distortion (THD), and unity power factor operation. In addition,
the proposed inverter requires simple control and switching strategies compared
to recently published topologies. A comparative study was performed to compare
the proposed inverter structure with the recent inverter topologies based on
the number of components in the inverter circuit, number of components per
output-voltage level, average number of active switches, THD, and operating
efficiency as effective parameters for inverter performance evaluation. For
design and validation purposes, numerical and analytical models for a grid-tied
solar PV system driven by the proposed seven-level inverter were developed in MATLAB/Simulink
environment. The inverter performance was evaluated considering
grid-integration and stand-alone home with level-2 AC EV charger (3–6 kW).
Compared with recently published topologies, the proposed inverter utilizes a
reduced number of power components (7 switches) for seven-level terminal
voltage synthesis. An experimental prototype for proposed inverter with the
associated controller was built and tested for a stand-alone and
grid-integrated system. Due to the lower number of ON-switches, the inverter operating
efficiency was enhanced to 92.86% with load current THD of 3.43% that follows
the IEEE standards for DER applications.
KEYWORDS:
2. Electric
vehicles
3. Home
grid
4. Maximum
power point tracking (MPPT)
5. Multilevel
inverter
6. Photovoltaic
(PV) system
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Figure 1. Circuit configuration of solar PV system in integrated with the grid and EV loads via the proposed 7level-inverter.
EXPECTED SIMULATION SYSTEM:
(a) Solar irradiation
(b) PV current
(c) PV voltage
Figure 2. Cont
time(s)
(d)PV
power
Figure
3. the pv panel current, voltage, and power.
Figure 4. multi- Level inverter output voltage.
Figure 5. the injected current, voltage, and power variation. (a) Grid voltage and current; (b) Grid injected power.
Figure 6. The reference and actual injected
currents of the seven-level inverter at irradiance variation.
Figure 7. Simulation results of the proposed 7-level inverter as level-2 EV charger (240 V, 3:6 kW); (a) loading profile, (b) multilevel output voltage, and (c) inverter voltage/pulsating current
Figure 8. Simulation results of the proposed 7-level inverter for house loads voltage control (2 kW). (a) Load reference and actual voltages, (b) Load voltage and current
CONCLUSION:
This
paper has presented a new topology of a single-phase seven-level inverter as an
interface for grid-integrated and stand-alone solar PV systems. The circuit
configuration This paper has presented a new topology of a single-phase
seven-level inverter as an interface for grid-integrated and stand-alone solar
PV systems. The circuit configuration This paper has presented a new topology
of a single-phase seven-level inverter as an interface for grid-integrated and
stand-alone solar PV systems. The circuit configuration and operation principle
of the proposed inverter have been presented in detail a long with the
switching patterns and control strategy. A comparative study between the
proposed inverter structure and the recent MLI topologies is enriched to reveal
the features of the proposed inverter. The proposed MLI structure considers a
reduced number of power switches, NC/L, and NAVG/Pole, which enhances the inverter
operating efficiency and decreases its cost. Only seven switches have been
utilized to synthesis voltage waveform of seven levels at the output terminals.
The performance of the proposed inverter and associated control was
investigated for grid-integrated and stand-alone PV systems based on simulation
and experimental tests. The test platform includes a boost converter with MPPT
control, which feeds the front-end of the proposed MLI. The results show that the
proposed inverter exhibits an improved steady state response, and minimum
settling time (i.e., 5 ms). THD of both voltage and current waveforms during
grid-integration and stand-alone operations is 3.43%, which follows the
IEEE-1547 harmonic standards for DER applications. In addition, the inverter
offers a high operating efficiency of 92.86%, compared to most of the recently
published topologies surveyed in this paper.
REFERENCES:
1. Solangi, K.; Islam, M.; Saidur, R.; Rahim, N.; Fayaz, H. A
review on global solar energy policy. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2011, 15,
2149–2163. [CrossRef]
2. Ali, A.I.; Sayed, M.A.; Mohamed, E.E. Modified efficient
perturb and observe maximum power point tracking technique for grid-tied PV
system. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2018, 99, 192–202. [CrossRef]
3. Sayed, M.A.; Mohamed, E.; Ali, A. Maximum Power Point Tracking
Technique for Grid tie PV System. In Proceedings of the 7th International
Middle-East Power System Conference, (MEPCON’15), Mansoura University, Dakahlia
Governorate, Egypt, 15–17 December 2015.
4. Ali, A.I.; Mohamed, E.E.; Sayed, M.A.; Saeed, M.S. Novel
single-phase nine-level PWM inverter for grid connected solar PV farms. In
Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Innovative Trends in
Computer Eng. (ITCE), Aswan, Egypt, 19–21 February 2018; IEEE: Piscataway, NJ,
USA, 2018; pp. 345–440.
5. Youssef, A.-R.; Ali, A.I.; Saeed, M.S.; Mohamed, E.E. Advanced
multi-sector P&O maximum power point tracking technique for wind energy
conversion system. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 2019, 107, 89–97.