ABSTRACT:
In
this paper, the comparative analysis of two maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
algorithms namely Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental conductance
(InC) is presented for the Photo-Voltaic (PV) power generation system. The
mathematical model of the PV array is developed and transformed into
MATLAB/Simulink environment. This model is used throughout the paper to
simulate the PV source characteristics identical to that of a 20 Wp PV panel.
The MPPT algorithms generate proper duty ratio for interfacing dc-dc boost converter
driving resistive load. The performances of these algorithms are evaluated at
gradual and rapidly changing weather conditions where it is observed that InC
method tracks the rapidly changing insolation level at a faster rate as
compared to P&O. Depending upon the prevailing environmental conditions the
MPPT algorithms finds a unique operating point to track the maximum available
power. The algorithms find a fixed duty ratio by comparing the previous power,
voltage and current thereby optimizing the power output of the panel. The main
objective is to compare the tracking capability and stability of the algorithms
under different environmental situations on par with other real world tests.
KEYWORDS:
1. Maximum
Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
2. Photovoltaic (PV)
3. DC-DC
Boost Converter
4. Perturb
& Observe (P&O)
5. Incremental Conduction (InC)
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK
DIAGRAM:
Fig.
1. PV Panel Interfaced with Boost Converter for MPP Tracking
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:
Fig.
2. Experimental Measured PV Characteristics
Fig.
3. Experimental Results showing Source Voltage, Load Voltage and Duty Ratio
Fig.
4. Performances of P&O and InC under slowly changing climatic conditions
(a)
Irradiations
Levels (b), (c) & (d) Duty ratio (e) Panel Voltage (f) Panel Power (g)
Oscillations
in Duty by the algorithms
Fig.
5. Performances of P&O and InC under rapidly changing climatic conditions
(a)
Insolations
(b)& (c) Duty ratio (d)&(e) Panel Voltage (f) Panel Power
CONCLUSION:
The
presented studies in this paper were the comparative analysis of two MPPT
algorithms, Perturb & Observe and Incremental Conductance and conducted
through boost converter. The simulation results prove positively that the
P&O and the Incremental Conductance MPPTs reach the intended maximum power
point. In the slowly changing whether both algorithms perform without
significantly changes. It has observed that the Incremental Conductance reaches
at the MPP three times faster than P&O in all cases and shows better performance
for rapid changes and a better stability when the MPP is achieved. It has observed
that P&O shows oscillations around the MPP when it reaches in steady state position
which results in some power loss. But in case of InC there are no additional oscillations
at steady state condition. However the P&O MPPT are mostly used in practice
due to their simplicity. The originality and the specificity of the presented
results obtain during this research reside in the fact that external parameters
as irradiation and fixed temperature were introduced, at first as linear
functions (ramp input) and, at second as random (step input) ones describing
more closely the actual applicative conditions. The effect of the changing
weather on the voltage and power of the PV panel according to change in MPP has
shown in the results section.
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