ABSTRACT:
This paper concentrates on the LCL filter with damping
resistance intended to connect the shunt active power filter of an active
DC-traction substation to the point of common coupling with the transmission
grid. In order to find design conditions and conceive a design algorithm,
attention is directed to the transfer functions related to currents and the
associated frequency response. The mathematical foundation of the design method
is based on the meeting the requirements related to the significant attenuation
of the high-frequency switching current, concurrently with the unalterated flow
of the current that needs to be compensated by active filtering. It is pointed
out that there are practical limitations and a compromise must be made between
the two requirements. To quantify the extent to which the harmonics to be
compensated are influenced by imposing the magnitude response at both highest
harmonic frequency to be compensated and switching frequency, a performance
indicator is defined. As an additional design criterion, the damping power losses
are taken into consideration. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed
method are proved by simulation results and experimental tests on a laboratory
test bench of small scale reproducing the specific conditions of a DC-traction substation
with six-pulse diode rectifier.
KEYWORDS:
1.
DC-traction substations
2.
LCL filter
3.
Passive
damping
4.
Regeneration
5.
Shunt active
power filters
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig.
1. Block diagram of the active DC-traction substation.
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:
Fig.
2. Voltages and currents in the TT’s primary in traction regime
Fig.
3. LCL filter input current.
Fig.
5. Harmonic spectra of the LCL filter input current (black bars) and output
current (yellow bars) for harmonic order k[1, 37].
Fig.
6. Voltages and currents upstream of PCC during the operation in traction
regime.
Fig.
7. Succesive traction (filtering) and braking (regeneration) regimes: (a)
phase
voltage (blue line) and supply current (green line); (b) DC-capacitor
voltage
(black line) and DC-line voltage (red line).
CONCLUSION:
A
new design method of an LCL filter with damping resistance intended to couple
the three-phase VSI of an active DC-traction substation to the power supply has
been proposed in this paper. The following elements of originality are outlined.
1)
The theoretical substantiation is based on the frequency response from transfer
functions related to currents, taking into account the existence of the series
damping resistances.
2)
The expressed amplitude response and resonance frequency highlight their
dependence on only pairs L2Cf and RdCf, It is a very
important finding for the conceived design algorithm.
3)
The expression of the power losses in the damping resistances is highlighted
and an equivalent resistance is introduced as a quantitative indicator of them.
4)
By considering the switching frequency as main parameter and taking into
consideration the frequency of the highest order harmonic to be compensated,
the design algorithm is based on the imposition of the associated attenuations.
5)
In the substantiation of the design algorithm, a detailed analysis is performed
on the existence of physical-sense solutions, providing the domain in which the
values of the parameters must be located.
6)
As a large number of parameters values sets can be obtained, a new performance
indicator (MPI) is proposed, to quantify the extent to which the
harmonics to be compensated are influenced.
The analysis and the simulation results achieved for
an active DC-traction substation with six-pulse diode rectifier and LCL
coupling filter have indicated that the proposed method is valid and effective.
The experimental tests conducted in a laboratory test bench of small scale reproducing
the specific conditions of a DC-traction substation illustrate good performance
of the system for active filtering and regeneration connected to the power supply
by the passive damped LCL filter.
The design proposal can be applied in any three-phase
LCL-filter-based shunt active power filter.
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[1]
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[3]
M. Hanif, V. Khadkikar, W. Xiao, and J. L. Kirtley, “Two degrees of freedom
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