ABSTRACT:
Recently,
solar energy has been intensively employed in power systems, especially using
the photovoltaic (PV) generation units. In this regard, this paper proposes a
novel design of a fuzzy logic based algorithm for varying the step size of the
incremental conductance (INC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for
PV. In the proposed method, a variable voltage step size is estimated according
to the degree of ascent or descent of the power-voltage relation. For this
purpose, a novel unique treatment is proposed based on introducing five
effective regions around the point of maximum PV power. To vary the step size
of the duty cycle, a fuzzy logic system is developed according to the locations
of the fuzzy inputs regarding the five regions. The developed fuzzy inputs are
inspired from the slope of the power-voltage relation, namely the
current-voltage ratio and its derivatives whereas appropriate membership
functions and fuzzy rules are designed. The benefit of the proposed method is
that the MPPT efficiency is improved for varying the step size of the
incremental conductance method, thanks to the effective coordination between the
proposed fuzzy logic based algorithm and the INC method. The output DC power of
the PV array and the tracking speed are presented as indices for illustrating
the improvement achieved in MPPT. The proposed method is verified and tested
through the simulation of a grid-connected PV system model. The simulation results
reveal a valuable improvement in static and dynamic responses over that of the
traditional INC method with the variation of the environmental conditions.
Further, it enhances the output dc power and reduce the convergence time to
reach the steady state condition with intermittent environmental conditions.
KEYWORDS:
1. Maximum
power point tracking
2. Fuzzy
logic
3. Incremental conductance
4. PV
system
5. Dynamic
responses
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Figure 1. An Overview Of The Grid-Connected Pv
Array With The
Proposed
Flc Based Variable Step Inc Mppt Method.
EXPECTED SIMULATION
RESULTS:
Figure 2. Testing The Flc Based Algorithm Through
The Step Variations
Of
(A) The Solar Irradiance (G) (B) The Cell Temperature (Tc ).
Figure 3. Comparisons Of Flc Based And Fixed Duty
Cycle Of The Inc
Mppt
Method (Fixed Step=0.0003 S) For Step Variations Of G And Tc :
(a) For
The Step Change At 0.8 S; (B) For The Step Change At 1 S.
Figure 4. The Output Dc Power Comparison When
Applying The
Conventional
Fixed Step Inc Method, The Fixed Step P&O Method And The
(a) Flc Based Variable Step Inc Method For Mppt.
Figure 5. The Difference Between The Output Dc
Power When Applying
The
Flc Based Algorithm And These Of The Conventional Fixed Step Inc And
(a)
P&O Methods For Mppt.
Figure 6. Proximate Views Of The Output Dc Power
Comparison When
Applying
The Flc Based Algorithm And These Of The Conventional Fixed
Step
Inc And P&O Methods For Mppt: (A) From 0.2 To 0.5 S; (B) From
(a)
0.7 To 0.95 S; (C) From 1.2 To 1.4 S;
(D) From 1.4 To 1.5 S.
Figure 7. Testing The Flc Based Algorithm Through The Ramp Variations
(a)
Of: (A) The Solar Irradiance (G); (B)
The Cell Temperature (Tc ).
CONCLUSION:
The PV system efficiency is a crucial index to evaluate the performance of grid-connected PV systems where the MPPT performance is a keynote. The conventional fixed step INC method for MPPT is widely used but it lacks some accuracy and speed of convergence. To tackle this issue, the proposed improvement of the INC method is introduced to employ a fuzzy logic algorithm to generate a variable step voltage increment or decrement, which is executed through decrement or increment of the duty cycle of the dc-dc boost converter. The voltage (duty cycle) step has five different sizes according to proposed five regions of the fuzzy inputs. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FLC based variable step INC method for MPPT enhances the output dc power and reduce the time of convergence to reach the steady state when switching of the environmental conditions. To illustrate the efficacy of the proposed MPPT method, it is compared to two conventional methods. The first one is the INC method with fixed step sizes of 0.0003 s and 0.001 s. The second method is the conventional P&O method with fixed step of 0.0003 s. In future work, the experimental application of the proposed FLC variable step method will be studied in a grid-connected PV systems.
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