ABSTRACT:
Electricity generation from the wind and solar photovoltaic
(PV) systems are highly dependent upon weather conditions. Their intermittent
nature leads to fluctuations in their output. Therefore, the need for rapid
compensation for energy transmission and distribution systems is increasingly important.
Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) can be adopted for reactive power
compensation and for decreasing the voltage fluctuation caused by the system
and renewable energy sources. This study presents modelling of a Solar PV-Wind
Hybrid Micro-grid and the increase of the stable operating limit of the system
in case of the incorporation of STATCOM is examined. The major contribution of
this paper is the optimization of gain parameters of four PI controllers in
STATCOM based on genetic algorithms (GA) and therefore obtaining better
responses and voltage stability in terms of nonlinear nature of solar-wind
hybrid micro-grid. The Simulink models of the system architecture include a 2 MW
wind turbine model based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), 0.4 MW
solar PV power system model and a STATCOM rated at 3 MVAR. It is certified that
the voltage fluctuation at the end of the bus bar is reduced by 8 % using conventional
PI controller. The results obtained by GA-based optimization of PI controllers
are compared with that of the conventional controller and better results
attained.
KEYWORDS:
1.
Flexible AC
transmission systems
2.
Genetic
Algorithm
3.
PV-Wind hybrid
system
4.
Static synchronous compensator
5.
Voltage
control
SOFTWARE:
MATLAB/SIMULINK
CONCLUSION:
In
this study, the impacts of a 2 MW wind power induction generator based wind
generation system and a 0.4 MW solar power generation system on the grid was investigated.
For this hybrid system, it has been pointed out that STATCOM provides reactive
power compensation. A solar PV-wind power system with a hybrid structure was
designed and the voltage profiles at the output were examined. STATCOM was
incorporated to study the voltage profiles in the system according to
capacitive and reactive operating states. On this basis, this work pointed out that
power instability in large transmission systems can be minimized, and the
fluctuations caused by the adoption of renewable energy sources to the system
can be diminished. The comparisons of the results showed that the effectiveness
of the STATCOM tuned with GA was improved. By acquiring the best values for PI
controller gains, voltage swell occurred due to the change in reactive power
has been overcome and a better dynamic response was reached. In future studies,
different other optimization techniques will be used to determine a more
effective one.
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