ABSTRACT:
Electricity
generation from the wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are highly
dependent upon weather conditions. Their
intermittent nature leads to fluctuations in their output. Therefore, the need for
rapid compensation for energy transmission and distribution systems is
increasingly important. Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) can be adopted
for reactive power compensation and for decreasing the voltage fluctuation
caused by the system and renewable energy sources. This study presents modelling
of a Solar PV-Wind Hybrid Micro-grid and the increase of the stable operating
limit of the system in case of the incorporation of STATCOM is examined. The
major contribution of this paper is the optimization of gain parameters of four
PI controllers in STATCOM control circuit based on genetic algorithms (GA) and
Bacteria Foraging Algorithm (BFA) and therefore obtaining better responses and voltage
stability in terms of nonlinear nature of solar-wind hybrid micro-grid. The
Simulink models of the system architecture include a wind turbine model, a
solar PV power system model and a STATCOM. It is certified that the voltage
fluctuation at the end of the bus bar is reduced by 8% using conventional PI
controller, by 10% for GA-based PI controller, and by 15% for BFA based PI
controller under variable load. The results obtained by GA and BFA-based
optimization of PI controllers are compared with that of the conventional controller
and better results attained.
KEYWORDS:
1. Voltage
control
2. Bacteria
foraging algorithm
3. PV-wind
hybrid system
4. Static
synchronous compensator
5. Genetic
algorithm
SOFTWARE:
MATLAB/SIMULINK
CONCLUSION:
In
this study, the impacts of a 2MWwind power induction generator based wind
generation system and a 0.4MW solar power generation system on the grid were
investigated. For this hybrid system, it has been pointed out that STATCOM
provides reactive power compensation. A solar PV-wind power system with a
hybrid structure was designed and the voltage profiles at the output were examined.
STATCOM was incorporated to study the voltage profiles in the system according
to capacitive and reactive operating states. On this basis, this work pointed
out that power instability in large transmission systems can be minimized, and
the fluctuations caused by the adoption of renewable energy sources to the system
can be diminished. The comparisons of the results showed that the effectiveness
of the STATCOM tuned with GA and BFA was improved. By acquiring the best values
for PI controller gains, voltage swell occurred due to the change in reactive
power has been overcome and a better dynamic response was reached. In future
studies, different optimization techniques and different FACTS devices can be
used to compare and determine a more effective one.
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